高考短文改错中的动词
高考短文改错中的动词
纵观94年至97年的高考短文改错一题,动词所占比例大大高于英语十大词类中的其他词类。94年占短文改 错总分的40%,95年占27%,96年占30%(注:改错中还有两个短语涉及到动词),97年占60%。动词的变化 多为时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词,还有情态动词、动词固定搭配等变化形式。
94年短文改错:
There is ∧ public library in every town in Britain。
81。 a
──There are branch library in many villages。
────
82。 libraries
─────Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to
──
83。 costs
───borrow them。 In some places you may borro w∧ many
84。 as
──
want has∧returned and is ready for you to pick up。
95。 been
───
分析:
83。cost→costs。属于动词数的错误。一般现在时中第三人称单数形式,谓语动词应加s,故将cost改为costs。
87。keep→kept。属于语态错误。 被动语态中的动词应为过去分词形式,故将keep改为kept。
91。去掉will。属于时态错误。条件句中用现在时代替将来时, 从is可断定句子时态为将来时。当主句的 谓语动词是将来时的定语从句,应用一般现在时代替将来时。故此才将will去掉。
93。send→sending。属于非谓语动词错误。of是介词,故应将send改为sending。
94。to know→know。属于非谓语动词错误。let为使役动词,let后的宾语补足语的不定式符号省略。故应 将to know改为know。
95。has returned→has been returned。属于语态错误, 故将hasreturned改为has been returned。
95年短文改错:Dear Mr and Mrs Smith,
I want to thank you again for have me in your
──
81。 having
───home for the summer holidays。 I had always
82。√
──wanted∧return to the village after moving a way
83。 to
──and it is really great to see most of my old friends again。
─ 84。was
──
I told Mother, Father, Sister,∧all my friends
85。 and
──here that a great time I had。 I'll never for get
── 86。what
───the steamboat ride。 I never knew about a rid e down
───
87。 that
──
附图{图}some times soon。 Father and Mother would love to
──
92。time
──see you。 Maybe you could come during a winter
─
93。 the
──holidays。 Uncle Ben will also go back for C hristmas。
94。 come
──I'm sure we'll have a wonderfully time toge ther。
─────
95。 wonderful
─────With best wishes。
Yours truly,
Tom
分析:
81。have→having。属于非谓语动词的错误。for是介词, 故应将have改为having。
83。return→to return。属于非谓语动词错误。want后面接不定式作宾语,故将return改为to return。
84。it→was。属于时态错误。由and连接的'两个句子, 时态应前后一致,and前的时态是过去时,and后的 时态也应是过去时。故将is改为was。
94。go→come。属于动词误用。从上文我们知道Tom邀请Mr and Mrs Smith到Tom家,Uncle Ben也到Tom家过 圣诞节。故不能用go, 应将go改为come。
96年短文改错:
附图{图}to a American family。 They live in a small ─
87。 an
──town。 It was very kind for them to meet me
──
88。 of
──at the railway station and drove me to their
home。
───
89。 drive
──The Smiths did his best to make me feel
──
90。 their
──at home。 They offered me coffee and other
91。 √
──drinks。 We have a good time talking and laug hing。
──
92。 had
──together。 They ∧ eager to know everything a bout
93。 were
──China and asked me lots of question。 In fa ct,
────
94。 questions
─────
分析:
89。drove→drive。属于非谓语动词错误。drive me to their home同to meet me at the railway stat ion是并列关系,因有 and连接,故用drive,不能用drove。如用了drove,表面上看drove与was 是并列的关系 ,但与实际是不相符的,it为形式主语,真正的主语应是不定式复合结构。注:88。for→of。属于介词错误, 但这个介词仍与不定式有关系,属于不定式复合结构for (of) sb。 to do中的介词。
92。have→had。属于时态错误。全文始终都是过去时,首尾应呼应,故将have改为had。
93。∧→were。属于时态及漏词错误。因eager是形容词不能单独做谓语,所以 eager前应加 were,were的 时态又与上下文呼应。注:90。his→their。这虽属于代词错误,但仍与动词有关,即短语 do one'sbest中的 代词。
97年短文改错:Dear Bob,
Hello。 I learn about you from my English teacher,
──
86。 learned
────Miss Fang。 I'd like to∧your penfriend,
and get to know moreabout your country。
87。 be/become
─────
My name is Li Hua。 I live in Beijing, where is the
──
89。 which
───capital of China。 I go to Hongqi Middle S chool。 We
90。 √
──study quite a few subject, such as maths, Ch inese,
────
91。 subjects
────English and physics。 I use to play ping -pong a lot
──
92。 used
──in my spare time, but now I am interesting
in football。
─────
93。 interested
─────
Do you play any ball games? What ∧ your favourite sport?
94。 is (what's)
──────
I look forward to hear from you soon。
──
95。 hearing
────
Yours,
Li Hua
分析:
86。learn→learned。属时态错误。 “我从老师那儿了解到你的情况”,这已是过去的事了,故应将lear n改为learned。
87。∧be/become。属于非谓语动词错误。would/should like todo是固定搭配,故to后应用动词原形。 取文意“做你的笔友”,故应添上be或become。
92。use→used。属于时态错误。used to do表示“过去常常”,因下文有now,而且还有连词but,故应将 use改为used。
93。interesting→interested。属于非谓语动词错误。主语为I,故要用过去分词表示“对……感兴趣”。
94。 what ∧→is 。 属于动词时态和漏词错误。 因What yourfavourite sport?句中缺少系动词,
故应加上is , 且is 又与yourfavourite sport形式一致,从上下文可断定为一般现在时, 故此才在what后 加上is。
95。hear→hearing。属于非谓语动词错误。look forward to 中的to为介词,故应将hear改为hearing。
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